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Swine nutrition
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Recently, phytogenic feed additives have become more and more interesting for the feed industry. Phytogenics represent a fairly new category of feed additives with natural origin. Phytogenic compounds have traditionally been used as flavors and spices in human nutrition and medicine, as well as for food preservation. However, it is evident that this category of feed additives covers a large variety of substances with an even bigger number of active ingredients, including carvacrol, thymol,...
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Weaned piglets often have a poor feed intake, which compromises health, welfare and performance. Researchers from Wageningen University and Research Centre in The Netherlands think that these ‘problem piglets’ can grow better when they use the experiences from their mother. Weaned piglets often struggle with the change from drinking milk to eating solid feed. Many studies in the past tried to reduce this problem with changing the formulation of the solid feed, with different...
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The piglet at weaning is faced with numerous stressors that include separation from the sow and litter mates, being moved to a different shed and environmental conditions, and changes in feed type and feeder. In response to these stressors, the weaned piglet’s growth rate is reduced. This ‘post-wean growth check’ results in growth performance of the weaned piglet that is significantly below genetic potential. This growth deficit is commonly referred to as the ‘post-wean growth gap.’...
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Among the changes in agriculture in recent years are new rules applied to the feed industry, advances in animal genetics, and increased concern about animal welfare. In response to consumer demand, antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) are no longer accepted in some countries, and it is expected that before long they will be banned worldwide. Factors motivating the ban on AGPs include antibiotic cross-resistance, residues in meat, eggs, and milk, and the possible development of...
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Pork has long been a staple food item in most Asia-Pacific countries. In fact, the Asia- Pacific region accounts for more pigs than the rest of the world combined - largely due to the massive pig population of China. However, the dominance of numbers does not necessarily imply superior efficiency of production and a review of the pig raising activities throughout the region would reveal a broad spectrum of production systems, variable efficiency and volatile economics. ...
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The notion of eating foods that have beneficial effects on consumer health above those of adequate nutrition is one that sits well with today’s consumers. Consequently the development of ‘functional foods’ and their impact on our health has received much attention over the last decade from scientists, health professionals, health policy makers, primary and food producers. The majority of the functional foods on the market today aim to offset the incidence of a number of major human...
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From Ghislaine Roch (Canada) presentation at Lallemand’s International Selenium yeast seminar (Grenaa, Denmark, 2007) Ghislaine Roch, independent feed nutritionist in Canada, has been working on antioxidants in animal production for more than ten years. She is convinced that modern animal production practices, with their associated stress factors and high metabolism, increase oxidative stress, leading to loss of performance, fertility and health problems for the animal, as well as...
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Pig producers will continue to fall short of reaching their target performance and economic potential unless they fully harness the benefits offered by feed enzymes, according to Danisco Animal Nutrition, who pioneered their development and use in pig and poultry feeds. “The contribution that enzymes can make at all stages of pig production, from weaners through to finishers, has been consistently demonstrated, yet some feed manufacturers and pig producers have still been relatively...
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Rising feed prices, higher welfare standards, more demanding consumers: keeping pig production profitable is becoming ever more challenging. And that's why JSR is now offering the services of an independent nutritionist Dr John Barber to its customers. His advice will help producers ensure that they squeeze every last ounce of performance from their pigs, fulfilling their genetic potential. With feed wheat prices now well above £100 per tonne, specialist pig nutritionist, Dr...
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The mineral requirements of high producing sows are largely unknown. The research to date demonstrates that both macro- and microminerals become depleted in sows with advancing parity and that high productivity exacerbates depletion. There apparently are periods during the reproductive cycle where both macro- and microminerals are needed in greater quantities. These periods generally occur during late gestation and lactation, but other times may also be critical. Simply fortifying...
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The escalating growth of the fuel ethanol industry in the United States of America continues to increase supplies of dried distillers’ grains with solubles available for use in livestock and poultry feeds. In 2004, there were 81 ethanol plants located in the US that produced a record 3.41 billion gallons of ethanol, a 21% increase over 2003 and representing 109% growth since 2000. Today there are 86 ethanol plants capable of producing 4.4 billion gallons of ethanol and another 38...
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Interest in chromium as an essential nutrient for pigs and as a possible means of manipulating growth performance and carcass composition was raised initially by reports in the 1960s of growth promotion in rats (Schroeder et al., 1963) and in turkey poults in the late 1970s (Steele and Rosebrough, 1979). Evidence with humans (Freund et al., 1979) and pigs (Steele et al., 1977) suggested chromium might exert its effects on growth and development by influencing insulin sensitivity and...
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Where once we considered feed protein to be strictly a means of supplying essential amino acids, we now know that certain peptides produced during gastrointestinal hydrolysis of protein have nutritional and physiological roles. The potential attributes of biological peptides have been documented in recent reviews (Power and Murphy, 1999) and include sensory, hormonal, antimicrobial, palatability enhancing, anti-carcinogenic, immunoactivity, antioxidant, mineral binding and nutritive...
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I’ve heard that feeding dead chicken from farm to pigs is not a good idea. Anyone knows if it’s true that pigs become “biters“? Could they get any disease from the chickens? ...
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Agrazinc 100 is ZnO (Zinc Oxide) microencapsulated in a special lipidic matrix, which protects the ZnO (zinc oxide) in the digestive tract in order to be slowly and continuously released, starting in the duodenum, and parallelly continuing along the small intestine. This happens because the microcapsule is degraded by pancreatic lipase, starting in the duodenum as previously described. Such slow and continuous release carries as a result the replacement of the...
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The increase in feed energy costs and increased availability of co-products from the bio-fuel and food industry represent both challenges and opportunities for the pork industry. An approach that is explored in swine nutrition research at the University of Guelph is to treat co-products with enzymes and microbes at source, and to feed (condensed) liquid co-product directly to pigs using computerized liquid feeding systems. In general and when used at 15% or less of diet dry matter...
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SUMMARY The removal of antibiotic growth promoters from farm animal feeds has led to renewed interest in the use of live microbial cultures or direct fed microbials also called probiotics as a replacement. A new approach to propagate probiotic bacteria, on-farm, to induce viable...
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The pig industry is undergoing rapid change and is faced with many challenges, such as a deterioration in pig health status in many countries and a growing concern by the community about how we care for animals and the environment. Minerals play an important role because not only are they essential for growth and reproduction, but their presence also influences the quality of the end product and ultimately human health. However, published recommendations on the inclusion rate of trace...
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As little as 25 years ago, it was relatively easy to feed replacement females in a commercial piggery. Gilts could be reared to first service on a normal finisher (or baconer) diet and only a single diet was fed to dry sows and lactating sows. Whilst the dry sow diet has not changed dramatically over the last twenty years, rearing the modern gilt and catering for the demand on the lactating sow has required the development of special feeds for these animals. The challenge in feeding...
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Research over the last 30 years has demonstrated that the absorption of amino acids in the form of oligopeptides (principally di- to tri-peptides) constitutes the most quantitatively important form of amino acid uptake from digesta by gut epithelia (Matthews and Adibi, 1976; Steinhardt and Adibi, 1986; Matthews, 1991; Seal and Parker 1991; Webb et al., 1992; Koeln et al., 1993; Gardner, 1994) and physiologically important amounts from glomerular filtrate by renal epithelia (Daniel et al.,...
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