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Mycotoxins in silage
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Overview This application note presents a validated LC-MS/MS method to detect 9 Fusarium toxins and Ochratoxin A in diluted crude extracts of grain. The developed sample preparation procedure is quick, easy, robust, and inexpensive. The LC-MS/MS method in Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) detects all compounds in a single run with Limits of Quantitation (LOQ) between 0.3...
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As the wheat crop goes into the flowering stage, growers need to monitor local conditions for the fungus Fusarium graminearum , more commonly known as head scab, said a Purdue University expert.
"We've had a lot of rain and high humidity in Indiana as wheat begins to flower," said Kiersten Wise, Purdue Extension field crops disease specialist. "These conditions favor head scab development, and farmers need to be deciding whether or not to apply a fungicide to...
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You probably recognise the scheme below. We'd ask you to take another good look at it. Are these problems often present in your herd? Do your cows seldom respond to veterinary therapies? Are the symptoms often associated with specific feedstuffs? If this is the case you are probably facing a mycotoxin problem. As supported by scientific literature, even the best management of agricultural strategies cannot totally eradicate mycotoxin contamination. Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites...
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Why does moldy silage and feed exist? All feeds contain microbial contaminants. Some types of bacteria, fungi, and molds can grow and multiply resulting in poor quality feed when environmental conditions are not optimal for storage. Not all molds are toxic but those that produce mycotoxins are, and may cause decreased productivity or create animal health concerns. When does moldy silage...
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The Ministry of Health of Japan confirmed acceptance of the Charm Sciences ROSA® Quantitative Aflatoxin test within it’s grain inspection program. It is the only quantitative lateral flow test approved by the Health Ministries department of food safety, inspection and safety division to detect the presence of aflatoxins in corn/grain samples.
Charm’s ROSA (Rapid One Step Assay) Aflatoxin test is also USDA GIPSA (Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration) approved. The lateral...
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Manitoba Anticipates Increased Fusarium Losses
Manitoba Agriculture and Food and Rural Initiatives warns preliminary assessments indicate cereal farmers will face substantial losses this year from fusarium head blight.
Fusarium head blight is a fungal infection that primarily affects cereal crops.
The disease reduces crop quality and yield and is of particular concern to livestock producers because certain strains produce a mycotoxin that will impact performance,...
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Wheat crops in some regions may be at higher risk than normal from mycotoxin contamination, despite low levels of fusarium head blight (FHB), the Central Science Laboratory has warned.
In England, 2.5% ears were affected by FHB in 2005, compared to a 10-year average of 3.8%, but incidence of Fusarium graminearum was the highest since monitoring began in 1998, according to CSL’s Crop Monitor.
“We are seeing a steady rise in the amount of F. graminearum coming out of fields infected with...
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British cereal growers can do much to guard against damaging mycotoxin contamination of their grain this summer by careful harvest management, advises Agrovista technical manager, Mark Hemmant.
"Fusarium ear infections responsible for producing two of the most prevalent mycotoxins - nivalenol (NIV) and deoxynivalenol (DON) - can be controlled by appropriate late-season fungicide programmes," he explained. "But good management prior to and immediately after harvest is at least as important in...
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Researchers at the University of Manitoba plan to explore the potential value of hulls, removed from fusarium infected barley, as a feed supplement for the dairy and beef industries.
Deoxynivalenon or DON, a mycotoxin produced by fusarium graminearum, is a particular problem in swine ration and will result in feed refusal and reduced productivity.
Research conducted by the University of Manitoba's Department of Animal Science has shown pearling, or dehulling, severely infected barley...
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Nontoxic strains of a fungus have been developed by the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) to control toxins produced by a different strain of the same fungus in corn.
Aflatoxin is a naturally occurring mycotoxin produced by the fungus Aspergillus parasiticus and the more common A. flavus, which is most often found when certain grains are grown under stressful conditions, such as drought. Aflatoxin occurs in contaminated agricultural commodities, such as corn, peanuts, cotton seed and nuts,...
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The Canadian Food Inspection Agency is advising livestock producers be aware of the increased potential for the presence of molds or mycotoxins in damaged or weathered feed grains this year.
As a result of the difficult growing and harvesting conditions in 2004, large amounts of grain that had been destined for human consumption hasn't made the grade for the food industry.
Biotechnology Specialist Dr. Reem Barakat says, because it was a wet and humid year, there's an increased potential...
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A benign fungus that lives inside corn may yield new clues to protecting the crop from contamination by the molds Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides, according to Agricultural Research Service (ARS) microbiologist Don Wicklow.
Wicklow teamed up with University of Iowa scientist Jim Gloer to discover that the fungus endophyte Acremonium zeae produces substances called pyrrocidines that disrupt the Aspergillus and Fusarium molds’ ability to infect ripening corn kernels. Wicklow...
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At this time of the year maize is being planted for silage, primarily for supplementing the dairy cow’s diet in late summer-autumn, winter and early spring.
Harvesting is still far away but this column will deal with the unsuspected occurrence of dangerous mycotoxins when hot, humid and rainy conditions happen during harvest.
Management during and after silage making is critical with whole plant maize silage as aerobic spoilage can easily happen. Levelling off, packing the edges and...
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Scientists in Western Canada expect varieties of feed barley that are less susceptible to contamination from the mycotoxins produced by fusarium to be available within five years.
Deoxynivalenon or DON, the mycotoxin produced by fusarium graminearum, has differing effects on various livestock species.
Pigs tend to be the most sensitive and may refuse feed, perform poorly or become ill.
Fusarium Head Blight Research Project Leader Dr. Bill Legge says, in the feed category, hulless...
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The Missouri Department of Agriculture has increased the number of grain testing sites. The department's Grain Inspection and Warehousing Division has now installed mycotoxin testing systems in each of its five inspection offices, located in New Madrid, Laddonia, Marshall, Kansas City and St. Joseph. These tests detect toxins such as aflatoxin, vomitoxin and fumonisin in wheat, corn and sorghum. The toxins come from mold growth. For more information, call Larry Kitchen at (573) 751-7849 or...
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