Noor Ahmad Nastoh

INTRODUCTIONAntibiotics as growth promoters have brought about important achievements in poultry production output worldwide (Mehdi et al., 2018). Antibiotic usage in animal feeds has brought about a change in intestinal flora of chickens, and influenced their immunity with an increased capacity to control diseases (Lee et al., 2012). However, the uncontrolled and indiscriminate usage of antibioti ...