Andrea Ayala

Newcastle Disease, caused by Avian Paramyxovirus-1 (APMV-1), is a highly contagious viral disease affecting wild and domestic birds. Neurological and respiratory manifestations are most common, with viral strain and host species influencing susceptibility and virulence. Although clinical signs range from asymptomatic to lethal, APMV-1 is significant to the poultry industry as mortality may reach 1 ...