Rumen protected compound vitamins for ruminant animals
Published:September 1, 2025
Source :Felix
Abstract: Ruminants are those animals, who perform rumination or regurgitation of food. In every feed, nutrients are contained in the form of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals and vitamins. Being a trace nutrient component, sometime livestock owner avoids to supplement the animal feed with these substances. Since ruminants possess rumen and ruminal microorganisms are capable of synthesizing water-soluble vitamins and vitamin-K. Therefore, only vitamin-A, D and E are considered to be as critical vitamins and must be furnished in the diet.
Introduction: Vitamins are defined as ‘a group of complex organic compounds, chemically unrelated to each other, present in minute amounts in natural feeds stuff and are essential to normal metabolism & lack of which in the diet causes deficiency symptoms. Vitamins can be grouped into 2 categories i.e., Fat soluble & Water soluble vitamins. Both these vitamins could be differentiated from each other based on the following points.
*Fat Soluble Vitamins Vitamin- A, D, E, K Stored in body in fat depot and in liver. Excrete via faeces Made of only C, H and O
*Water Soluble Vitamins Vitamin-C &B complex Vitamins Not stored in body except Vitamin B12 Excrete via urine Made of C, H and O, whereas some also contain N, S & Cobalt.
Since ruminants has rumen and ruminal microorganisms are capable of synthesizing water-soluble vitamins and vitamin-K. Therefore Vitamin-A, D and E are considered to be as critical vitamins and must be furnished in the diet. In general, most ruminant diets provide adequate amount of vitamin K and the B vitamins, either through natural feedstuffs or synthesis by microbial activity in the rumen. Thus, there are no recommended dietary concentration of these vitamins for ruminants.
Conclusion : Since most ruminant diets provide adequate amount of vitamin K and the B vitamins, either through natural feedstuffs or synthesis by microbial activity in the rumen. Thus, there are no recommended dietary concentration of these vitamins for ruminants. But remaining vitamins are needed to be supplemented in the ruminant’s ration to avoid any serious implications.
So,the rumen protected compound vitamins is designed to supplement the required vitamins for ruminant animals. It consists of multiple essential vitamins (e.g., A, D, E) encapsulated or coated with rumen-resistant materials. This protection mechanism allows the vitamins to withstand degradation in the rumen,ensuring their targeted release and absorption in the small intestine.