Majed Mohammed

IntroductionAspergillosis is a fungal disease of all poultry species; infection by A. fumigatus may induce significant economic losses particularly in turkey production (1). Aspergillosis usually occurs in the respiratory system of chickens, turkeys, and less frequently in ducklings, pigeons, canaries, and geese (2).In poultry, Aspergillus fumigatus is considered to be the most pathogenic and the ...

INTRODUCTIONInfectious bursal disease (IBD) is an acute, highly contagious viral disease of young chickens, the causative agent belongs to the genus Avibirnavirus within the family Birnaviridae and is a nonenveloped icosahedral, bisegmented, double stranded RNA virus (Ismail and Saif 1990). IBDV can be differentiated into two serotypes, pathogenic serotype-1 and non-pathogenic serotype-2 strains ( ...