Lalit Belwal

Dr. Charles Ibe, Dear Dr. Ibe, I am in agreement with you. The purpose of 0-3 day ND vaccination (I/O;I/N) is not to induce antibody-mediated humoral immunity. Instead, this method invokes the phenomena of viral interference and interferon-mediated innate resistance, a well know fact with regards to all myxo- and paramyxoviruses. This imparts local immunity preventing entry of field virus via the ...

Daniel Mc ElroyI think persistence of H9N2 in vaccinated birds can be attributed to co-existence of antibodies and virus in the birds body depending upon antigenic match between the vaccine virus and field virus. A vaccine virus with >90% (genotype) homology with the virus circulating in the flock will have more efficient virus clearance than the viruses more distant (10 days vaccination thus e ...

Thank you Dr Bakri for raising an important but lesser discussed issue of H9N2 LPAI. I have recently published a review of this problem in Asia and Indian subcontinent in International Hatchery Practice (Volume 31 Number 2 (2017). I would like to share the same with fellow professionals. Kindly go to the link below. http://www.positiveaction.info/digital/IHP/2017/IHP_31_2/pdf/IHP_31_2.pdf and ...

Thank you Dr Bakri for raising an important but lesser discussed issue of H9N2 LPAI. I have recently done a review of this problem in Asia and Indian subcontinent. It was published in International Hatchery Practice (Volume 31 Number 2 (2017). I would like to share the same with fellow professionals. Kindly click on the link below. http://www.positiveaction.info/digital/IHP/2017/IHP_31_2/pdf/IH ...

I agree with Dr.Phan, The titers in Table#1 appear to be direct conversion of S/P ratios and tabulated as such . These should be converted to respective Log10 values to justify the Table heading. Also that , Dr Phan may have meant 'Negative' when he mentions the discrepancy in E3 Farm data ( 2nd comment, quote, "E3 the average titer was 2916 and your conclusion was positive" unquote. ) Howe ...

Dear Sirs, Have been working on IC problems and vaccine solutions for few years now. In my experience IC being a carrier state infection strikes when flocks are moved from brooder areas to grower sheds or later from Grower sheds to layer sheds. If there has been a prior instance of IC in the resident flock the new immigrants are likely to pickup infection and show clinical disease 1-2 weeks later. ...

Thank you Dr Chakraborty. A very sensible discussion.

Dear Sirs, I would request you to read the message of Mr.Antonio C. Lubao carefully. He has expressed a problem in his poultry operations without mentioning ELISA anywhere. If experts more experienced and knowledgeable than me can advise him to use ELISA and stop mortality in his Farm they are most welcome to do so.In my humble opinion that problem can be resolved by proper vaccination regimes. I ...

I give that honour to generation next. Please solve problems as you can. Science is daughter of Philosophy.End of matter please.