Biosecurity, an outline

PUBLICATION DATE:  13/07/2009

RATING

COMPANY:  Montajat Veterinary Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd.

AUTHOR:  Montajat Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd.

“A Set Of Management Practices,
Which When Followed Correctly
Reduce The Potential For The Introduction And Spread Of Disease Causing Organisms
Onto, And Between Farms”

Why “Reduced”, and Not Finished?

• Microbes Can Be Controlled, Not Prevented
• Microbes are more Versatile To Overcome Adversity (Quickly Adapt to New Environment)
• Population of Microbes is Very High, and Widely Distributed
• Microbes Multiply Rapidly
• “Disease Occurrence Can be Minimized, Productivity Can Be Optimized”

Relationship Between
Expenditure And Return From Biosecurity



Economics of Biosecurity



Importance of Biosecurity
Highly Intensive Farming-
Birds At Stress; Lowered Immunity- Higher Susceptibility to Diseases
Highly Productive Livestock- More Prone to Diseases

Microbial Contamination-
Important Concern for Exports Market
Shelf Life

Rise Of Disease Incidence-
Contagious/ Transmissible Diseases on the Rise
Variant Strains
Complexed Forms Of Diseases
Virulence On The Rise
Indiscriminate Use Of Antibiotics, Giving Rise To Resistant Microbes


General Pattern Of Microbial Load Build- Up In A Non- Biosecure Farm



Disinfection Protocol Implemetnation Does Not Bring
A Sudden Change in the Environment…



General Pattern of gradual microbial load depletion, in implementing biosecurity after an epidemic

Biosecurity- Classification

Conceptual Biosecurity:

• Location of the Farm
• Mode of Transport

Structural Biosecurity:

• Farm Modernization
• Building and Infrastructure Planning and Designing

Organisational Biosecurity:

• Disinfection
• Vaccination
• Hygiene Measures
• Record Keeping for Biosecurity parameters

Biosecurity Success- Hierarchy
Importance, Investment and Role



Initial Challenges of Biosecurity

Increased Immediate Costs

• Direct Cost
• Additional Manpower
• Direct Profits Reduced
• Long Term Plan

Advantages of Following Biosecurity

• Healthier Livestock Higher Productivity
• Higher Profits, by Reduced Losses
• Controlled Pathogen Level in the Farm
• Losses Due to Potential Epidemics Prevented
• Safety to Public Health
• Important for Procuring International Certifications

Modes of Disease Introduction and Transmission

• Carriers Within A Flock
• Birds Recently Acquired From An Outside Flock
• Eggs From Infected Breeder Flocks
• Human Feet, Hands, And Clothes
• Dust, Feathers, And Manure On Equipment And Supplies, Such As Trucks, And Egg Flats
• Feral Birds, Predators, Rodents, Flies, And Insects
• Live Or Contaminated Vaccines
• Feed Contaminated At The Manufacturing Plant
• Water
• Air

Physio- Chemical Methods to Execute Biosecurity

Interrupt The Pathway Of Disease

• All Microbes Have Life- Cycle
• Destroy It By Inhibiting Conducive Atmosphere
• Adequate Decontamination Of Animal Buildings And Pens Prior To Occupation.
• Provision Of A Clear Air Supply And Adequate Ventilation
• Exclusion Of Vectors Of Infection, e.g. Birds, Insects, Rodents, Dogs, And Even Visitors
• Adequate Disposal Of Sewage, Slurry, And Other Farm Waste
• Proper Disposal Of Carcasses, Dead Due To Infectious Diseases
• Provision Of A Safe And Clean Water And Food Supply
• Use Disinfected Instruments e.g. vaccine administrators, nebulizers etc.
• Give Sufficient Gap Between Grow Outs

Principle Pathways of Cross Infection and Cross Contamination



Control the Infectious Disease

• Protect the Susceptible Animals
• Artificial Immunization (Vaccination)
• Quarantine of Infected Animals
• Eliminate Non- Curable Animals

Disinfection (The Key to Biosecurity)

How Disinfection Helps?

• It Breaks The Life Cycle Of Infectious Microbes
• Regular Use At Recommended Intervals Prevents The Build-up

Disinfection- Is it Adequate Alone?

What Makes Disinfection Effective?

• Good Husbandry Practices
• Strict Hygiene
• Evacuation Of Food Residues, Dirt And Excreta

Ideal Biosecurity Programme

PRIMECLEAN
General Purpose Detergent and Surfactant

.COMPOSITION
Alkaline anionic and non- ionic amphoteric surfactant, foam boosters and sequesterants, with as pleasant citrus deodorant

RECOMMENDED USAGE

• Removes organic matter, particularly cakes from feed, manure, medicines etc. These are a potent
• Potent biofilm removing agent.
• Suitable for foaming.
• Recommended dilution- 1 ml Primeclean per 1 liter of water

PACKS
5 liters, 20 Liters


COMBAT
Broad- Spectrum Disinfectant

COMPOSITION
Glutaraldehyde 6.25%; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds 12.50% and Terpine derivatives 4.00%

RECOMMENDED USAGE

• Strong virucide, bactericide, fungicide, effective against protozoa and insect repellent
• Contact time: 10 minutes
• Residual Efficacy: 7 days
• Non- corrosive, non- irritant and non- toxic with pleasant pine odour.

RECOMMENDED USAGE

SPRAYING (Terminal & routine disinfection)
Regular disinfection: Spraying at the rate of 1:200 (5ml per liter of water).
Epidemics: 1: 50 (20ml per liter of water)

DIPPING (Foot-bath, Wheel-bath)-
Regular usage: 1:100 (10ml per liter of bath water). Change twice a week, or until spoiled with manure, soil etc.
In outbreaks: 1: 50 (20ml per liter of bath water). Change the solution 3- 4 times a week. per 1 liter of water


MISTING
1 liter of 1:200 COMBAT solution (5 ml per liter water) per 100 cubic meters of airspace; 2-4 times daily over flock
Completely safe

THERMOFOGGING (for Terminal Disinfection)-
Dilute in 1:1 ratio, and use as a fumigant at the rate of 5 ml solution per cubic meter.

PACKS:
1liter , 5 liters and 20 liters


AQUAPURE
Water System Sanitizer

COMPOSITION
Extra stabilized hydrogen peroxide 35%
Silver nitrate 0.08%

INDICATIONS

• Erodes and prevents biofilms
• Removes mineral deposits
• Controls all water- borne disease
• Reduces early chick mortality
• Enhances productivity
• Has no residues

RECOMMENDED USAGE

Empty System:

• Evacuate the reservoir and the water system.
• Add AQUAPURE @ 1.5% to 3%, depending upon the biofilm level and water contamination
• Open the lines, and fill the system. Ensure that the solution reaches deep inside the nipples, cups etc., and passes for a while through them.
• Leave it for 10 hours (Contact time).
• Flush the system with clean water.

RECOMMENDED USAGE-

In Presences of Animals (as Water Sanitizer):

• 1.Fill the water reservoir completely, and close the water input. Add AQUAPURE @ 75ml per 1000 liters of water (0.0075%). When the reservoir is empty, repeat the procedure.
• 2.After every 2 days, increase by 75ml per 1000 litres, until a maximum level of dosage 350ml per 1000 liters water is reached (0.035% diluted).
• 3.Continue until the level of biofilm and contamination is under control.

PACKS:
5 liters and 20 liters

FORMAGENE
Fastest- acting Fumigant

COMPOSITION
Paraformaldehyde 93% w/w prills

INDICATIONS

• Disinfection of Livestock and poultry houses and hatcheries
• Effective against all Viruses, Bacteria and Fungi Including spores
• Safer than Formalin/ Pot. Permanganate combination
• Higher concentration achieved in closed fumigation
• Longer Contact Time
• House Becomes free of Rodents and Insects

RECOMMENDED USAGE

• Terminal Disinfection: 320 grams FORMAGENE per 100 cubic meters.
• .Egg Fumigation: 10 gm per cubic meter, by heating in a reception room before the eggs enter the hatchery, in the setters-before the 3rd day or after the 8th day or in egg transport vehicle.
• Nest Boxes: Place 15-20 gm FORMAGENE in each nest box. Heat from sitting hen will release the gas.

PACKS:
10kg drums

IMPACT
Broad- spectrum Disinfectant

COMPOSITION
Alcohol, Formaldehyde, Substituted phenols, and Quaternary Ammonium
Compounds (QUATS), along with Detergents and Amphoteric Surfactants

INDICATIONS

• General disinfection of the farm
• Suitable replacement of White Phenol
• Broader-  spectrum
• Longer Residual Life
• Quicker Action
• Pleasant Smell
• Bactericide, Fungicide, Virucide, Anti- protozoan, Wormicide and Algicide

RECOMMENDED USAGE

• Previously washed visually clean surfaces-- 1:200
• Unwashed (scrapped and brushed) surfaces-- 1:100
• Use this solution as
  •  Impervious Ceilings, walls, etc. - 5 liters / 200m2
  •  Pervious floors etc. - 5 liters / 100m2
•  IMPACT can be applied via pressure washer set at low pressure or a knapsack sprayer in order to wet surfaces without run– off.

RESIDUAL EFFICACY

• 4 days (recommended  twice a week)

PACKS

• 5 liters, 20 Liters

SANODINE
Time- tested Water Sanitizer

COMPOSITION

• Iodophore: Available Iodine 3%
• Phosphoric acid: 200 g

INDICATIONS

• 
  Broad-spectrum virucide, fungicide and bactericide, recommended for water sanitization in poultry farms.

RECOMMENDED USAGE

• Drinking water – 0.25ml / lit of water (400 parts)

PACKS
5 liters, 20 Liters


QUATSAN
QUAT- based
Slaughter House Sanitizer

COMPOSITION
A complex blend of Quaternary ammonium compound and nonionic surfactants.

INDICATIONS

• Highly effective, odour-free, non-staining, non-tainting detergent sanitizer
•  Cleans and protects any hard surface without abrasion, bleaching, smell or taint
• Suitable for use on all surfaces: metal, wood, glass, plastic, rubber, and polymer
• Routine cleaning and disinfection of walls and floors
• Safe for sanitation of surfaces in food preparation area

RECOMMENDED USAGE
Regular cleaning – 1:160 (30 ml in 5 liters of water)
Heavy Soiling: 1: 50, post scrubbing and wash

PACKS
20 Liters

Recommended Biosecurity Program with the Montajat Range

PUBLICATION DATE:  13/07/2009

RATING

COMPANY:  Montajat Veterinary Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd.

AUTHOR:  Montajat Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd.